The Constitution of India claims India to be a sovereign state. It propagates the people of India to be the supreme authority. In simple terms, it means a State’s powers to take decisions without any influence, control or interference from any other power, both, internal and external. It, however, does not mean that the State’s decisions are not affected by events in the international politics, decisions made by people or groups, suggestions or advice given by people, leaders or organizations.
Basically, a sovereign state is one that governs itself independent of any foreign power. To live in such a state of freedom does not though imply that such a state would have no political or economic ties with any other countries. Sovereignty is the power of a state to do everything necessary to govern itself, such as making, executing, and applying laws; imposing and collecting taxes; making war and peace; and forming treaties or engaging in commerce with foreign nations.
Sovereignty, though its meanings have varied across history, also has a core meaning, supreme authority within a territory. The state is the political institution in which sovereignty is embodied. An assemblage of states forms a sovereign states system.
When analyzed, sovereignty is naturally divided into three great powers; namely, the legislative, the executive, and the judiciary; the first is the power to make new laws, and to correct and cancel the old; the second is the power to execute the laws both at home and abroad; and the last is the power to apply the laws to particular facts; to judge the disputes which arise among the citizens, and to punish the crimes.
By sovereignty in its largest sense is meant supreme, absolute, uncontrollable power, the absolute right to govern. And as per the clear declaration of the Indian Constitution, the ultimate sovereigns in India are its people.
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Aditi Rindani 